Relational biology · entailment graph

Closed to efficient causation

Robert Rosen's (M,R)-system: an organism is a network whose every operator is produced inside the network. Matter flows through it (solid, open); but the causes that build its parts form a closed loop (dashed, entailed within). Switch modes to see where a machine, and a flat AI agent, leaves that loop dangling.

Materially open · efficiently closed Rosen entailment graph
Material / flow: matter & energy (open)
Efficient cause / entailment: what produces the operator (closed)
External cause: supplied from outside (dangling)